General book blog.
Thelonius Monk: The Life and Times of An American Original by Robin D. G. Kelley. New York. 2009. Free Press. 9780684831909. 589 pages. hardcover. Jacket photograph by Michael Ochs.
DESCRIPTION - ‘The piano ain't got no wrong notes!' So ranted Thelonious Sphere Monk, who proved his point every time he sat down at the keyboard. His angular melodies and dissonant harmonies shook the jazz world to its foundations, ushering in the birth of ‘bebop' and establishing Monk as one of America's greatest composers. Yet throughout much of his life, his musical contribution took a backseat to tales of his reputed behavior. Writers tended to obsess over Monk's hats or his proclivity to dance on stage. To his fans, he was the ultimate hipster; to his detractors, he was temperamental, eccentric, taciturn, or childlike. But these labels tell us little about the man or his music. In the first book on Thelonious Monk based on exclusive access to the Monk family papers and private recordings, as well as on a decade of prodigious research, prize-winning historian Robin D. G. Kelley brings to light a startlingly different Thelonious Monk - witty, intelligent, generous, politically engaged, brutally honest, and a devoted father and husband. Indeed, Thelonious Monk is essentially a love story. It is a story of familial love, beginning with Monk's enslaved ancestors from whom Thelonious inherited an appreciation for community, freedom, and black traditions of sacred and secular song. It is about a doting mother who scrubbed floors to pay for piano lessons and encouraged her son to follow his dream. It is the story of romance, from Monk's initial heartbreaks to his lifelong commitment to his muse, the extraordinary Nellie Monk. And it is about his unique friendship with the Baroness Nica de Koenigswarter, a scion of the famous Rothschild family whose relationship with Monk andother jazz musicians has long been the subject of speculation and rumor. Nellie, Nica, and various friends and family sustained Monk during the long periods of joblessness, bipolar episodes, incarceration, health crises, and other tragic and difficult moments. Above all, Thelonious Monk is the gripping saga of an artist's struggle to ‘make it' without compromising his musical vision. It is a story that, like its subject, reflects the tidal ebbs and flows of American history in the twentieth century. Elegantly written and rich with humor and pathos, Thelonious Monk is the definitive work on modern jazz's most original composer.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY - Robin Davis Gibran Kelley (born March 14, 1962) is the Gary B. Nash Professor of American History at UCLA. From 2006 to 2011, he was Professor of American Studies and Ethnicity at the University of Southern California (USC), and from 2003 to 2006 he was the William B. Ransford Professor of Cultural and Historical Studies at Columbia University. From 1994 to 2003, he was a professor of history and Africana Studies at New York University (NYU) as well the chairman of NYU's history department from 2002 to 2003. Robin Kelley has also served as a Hess Scholar-in-Residence at Brooklyn College. In the summer of 2000, Dr. Kelley was honored as a Montgomery Fellow at Dartmouth College, where he taught and mentored a class of sophomores, as well as wrote the majority of the book Freedom Dreams. During the academic year 2009–10, Kelley held the Harmsworth Chair of American History at Oxford University, the first African-American historian to do so since the chair was established in 1922. He was awarded the Guggenheim Fellowship in 2014.
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To Make Our World Anew: A History of African Americans by Robin D. G. Kelley and Earl Lewis (editors). New York/Oxford. 2000. Oxford University Press. 0195139453. Gustavus Myers Outstanding Book Award for the Study of Bigotry and Human Rights. A Selection of the History Book Club. A Choice Outstanding Academic Title for 2000. 670 pages. hardcover. Jacket illustration - 'Sharecropper', 1970 by Elizabeth Catlett.
DESCRIPTION - Written by the most prominent of the new generation of historians, this superb volume offers the most up-to-date and authoritative account available of African-American history, ranging from the first Africans brought as slaves into the Americas, to today's black filmmakers and politicians. Here is a panoramic view of African American life, rich in gripping first-person accounts and short character sketches that invite readers to relive history as African Americans experienced it. We begin in Africa, with the growth of the slave trade, and follow the forced migration of what is estimated to be between ten and twenty million people, witnessing the terrible human cost of slavery in the colonies of England and Spain. We read of the Haitian Revolution, which ended victoriously in 1804 with the birth of the first independent black nation in the New World, and of slave rebellions and resistance in the United States in the years leading up to the Civil War. There are vivid accounts of the Civil War and Reconstruction years, the backlash of notorious ‘Jim Crow' laws and mob lynchings, and the founding of key black educational institutions. The contributors also trace the migration of blacks to the major cities, the birth of the Harlem Renaissance, the hardships of the Great Depression and the service of African Americans in World War II, the struggle for Civil Rights in the 1950s and '60s, and the emergence of today's black middle class. From Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglass to Martin Luther King, Jr., and Louis Farrakhan, TO MAKE OUR WORLD ANEW is an unforgettable portrait of a people.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY - Robin D. G. Kelley is Professor of African-American Studies at Columbia University and author of several books, most recently FREEDOM DREAMS: THE BLACK RADICAL IMAGINATION. He lives in New York City. Earl Lewis is Provost and the Asa G. Candler Professor of History and African-American Studies at Emory University. He is the author of several books including IN THEIR OWN INTERESTS, LOVE ON TRIAL (with Heidi Ardizzone) and DEFENDING DIVERSITY (with Patricia Gurin and Jeffrey Lehman). He lives in Atlanta, Georgia.
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Into the Fire: African American Since 1970 by Robin D. G. Kelley. New York. 1995. Oxford University Press. 0195087011. 144 pages. hardcover. On the cover: 'Fabrics of 125th Street' collage by Allen Stringfellow.
DESCRIPTION - When something goes from bad to worse, we say it ‘fell out of the frying pan and into the fire.' This timeless phrases succinctly captures what has happened to the majority of African Americans since the 1970s. The civil rights movement of the 1960s brought about remarkable gains for most black people, and by 1970 African Americans were beginning to be key figures in national politics and in corporate board rooms. The black middle class was decidedly growing, and thus a handful of African Americans escaped the frying pan altogether. But after 1970, heavy industry began to disappear as American companies looked to foreign lands for cheaper manufacturing. Millions of jobs were lost. The number of black poor began to grow dramatically, city services declined, federal spending on cities dried up, affirmative action programs were dismantled, blatant acts of racism began to rise again, and the United States entered a deep economic recession. But this decline is only part of the story. Since 1970, the black community has resisted oppression, struggled for power, dealt with internal tensions and conflicts, and profoundly shaped American culture. This book explores a range of issues that the African American community faces in the late 20th century: the rebirth of black nationalism, the emergence of a new black conservative movement, the challenge of black feminism, the impact of Caribbean immigration, the rise of rap music and hip-hop culture. It looks at the impact on African American life of such diverse personalities as Roy Innis, Toni Morrison, Anita Hill, Jimi Hendrix, Louis Farrakhan, Angela Davis, Spike Lee, Barbara Jordan, Shirley Chisholm, and Jesse Jackson, among others. INTO THE FIRE will challenge and be challenged by readers of all ages, and calls on our young people to exercise their power to determine the outcome of chapters yet to be written in the history of African Americans.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY - Robin Davis Gibran Kelley (born March 14, 1962) is the Gary B. Nash Professor of American History at UCLA. From 2006 to 2011, he was Professor of American Studies and Ethnicity at the University of Southern California (USC), and from 2003 to 2006 he was the William B. Ransford Professor of Cultural and Historical Studies at Columbia University. From 1994 to 2003, he was a professor of history and Africana Studies at New York University (NYU) as well the chairman of NYU's history department from 2002 to 2003. Robin Kelley has also served as a Hess Scholar-in-Residence at Brooklyn College. In the summer of 2000, Dr. Kelley was honored as a Montgomery Fellow at Dartmouth College, where he taught and mentored a class of sophomores, as well as wrote the majority of the book Freedom Dreams. During the academic year 2009–10, Kelley held the Harmsworth Chair of American History at Oxford University, the first African-American historian to do so since the chair was established in 1922. He was awarded the Guggenheim Fellowship in 2014.
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Hammer and Hoe: Alabama Communists During the Great Depression by Robin D. G. Kelley. Chapel Hill. 1990. University Of North Carolina Press. 369 pages. Cover: Diedra Hariss-Kelley. 0807819212.
DESCRIPTION - Between 1929 and 1941, the Communist Party organized and led a radical, militantly antiracist movement in Alabama - the center of Party activity in the Depression South. HAMMER AND HOE documents the efforts of the Alabama Communist Party and its allies to secure racial, economic, and political reforms. Sensitive to the complexities of gender, race, culture, and class without compromising the political narrative, Robin Kelley here illuminates one of the most unique and least understood radical movements in American history. The Alabama Communist Party was built from scratch by working people who had no Euro-American radical political tradition. It was composed largely of poor blacks, most of whom were semiliterate and devoutly religious, but it also attracted a handful of whites, including unemployed industrial workers, iconoclastic youth, and renegade liberals. Kelley shows that the cultural identities of these people from Alabama's farms, factories, mines, kitchens, and city streets shaped the development of the Party. The result was a remarkably resilient movement forged in a racist world that had little tolerance for radicals. In the South race pervaded virtually every aspect of Communist activity. And because the Party's call for voting rights, racial equality, equal wages for women, and land for landless farmers represented a fundamental challenge to the society and economy of the South, it is not surprising that Party organizers faced a constant wave of violence. Kelley's analysis ranges broadly, examining such topics as the Party's challenge to black middle-class leadership; the social, ideological, and cultural roots of black working-class radicalism; Communist efforts to build alliances with Southern liberals; and the emergence of a left-wing interracial youth movement. He closes with a discussion of the Alabama Communist Party's demise and its legacy for future civil rights activism.
ROBIN D. C. KELLEY, a frequent contributor to The New York Times, is professor of history and Africana studies at New York University and author of the award-winning HAMMER AND HOE, RACE REBELS, and YO’ MAMA’S DISFUNKTIONAL!
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Yo' Mama's Disfunktional!: Fighting the Culture Wars in Urban America by Robin D. G. Kelley. Boston. 1997. Beacon Press. 0807009407. 225 pages. hardcover. Jacket design: David J. High.
DESCRIPTION - Noted historian Robin D. G. Kelley is tired of people talking about his mama and folks like her. He's tired of victim-blaming critics and policies that pin most of our social ills on the black urban poor. In YO' MAMA'S DISFUNKTIONAL! Kelley fights back. In this provocative and timely book, he examines how scholars, activists, policy makers, and displaced working people themselves have made sense of the contemporary ghetto. These debates, he argues, are part of the culture wars being waged on the poor and people of color - wars that spill over the ivy-covered walls of academe into the streets of urban America, into the union halls and workplaces, into legislative assemblies and policy think tanks. His acerbic, often witty prose takes no prisoners; from liberal social scientists to black neoconservatives, the Nation of Islam to white neo-Enlightenment leftists, no one escapes unscathed. At the same time, YO' MAMA'S DISFUNKTIONAL! gives voice to the very urban populations rendered silent by their attackers. Kelley defends black people's humanity, acknowledging the importance of pleasure and laughter in people's lives in everything from double dutch to the dozens. He asks us to see culture and community as more than responses to, or products of, oppression. And he insists that we think globally, for globalization has not only transformed black culture, it has dramatically changed the nature of work, employment opportunities, class structure, public space, the cultural marketplace, the criminal justice system, political strategies, even intellectual work. Ultimately, this is a hopeful book. Kelley reveals how new multiracial social movements emerging today have the potential of transforming the nation. The hope and future of America and the world exist in the very multicolored working class that for so long has been seen as the problem rather than the solution. But hope alone will not produce a bright future. In the epilogue, ‘Looking B(l)ackward,' a futuristic tale written with a nod to Edward Bellamy's utopian novel, Kelley paints a dark portrait of what might happen if the problem of the color line continues to follow us into the twenty-first century. At the very least, YO' MAMA'S DISFUNKTIONAL! challenges all of us to change course as we enter the new millennium.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY - Robin Davis Gibran Kelley (born March 14, 1962) is the Gary B. Nash Professor of American History at UCLA. From 2006 to 2011, he was Professor of American Studies and Ethnicity at the University of Southern California (USC), and from 2003 to 2006 he was the William B. Ransford Professor of Cultural and Historical Studies at Columbia University. From 1994 to 2003, he was a professor of history and Africana Studies at New York University (NYU) as well the chairman of NYU's history department from 2002 to 2003. Robin Kelley has also served as a Hess Scholar-in-Residence at Brooklyn College. In the summer of 2000, Dr. Kelley was honored as a Montgomery Fellow at Dartmouth College, where he taught and mentored a class of sophomores, as well as wrote the majority of the book Freedom Dreams. During the academic year 2009–10, Kelley held the Harmsworth Chair of American History at Oxford University, the first African-American historian to do so since the chair was established in 1922. He was awarded the Guggenheim Fellowship in 2014.
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Freedom Dreams: The Black Radical Imagination by Robin D. G. Kelley. Boston. 2002. Beacon Press. 0807009768. 248 pages. hardcover. Jacket design: Sara Eisenman. Jacket art: Diedra Harris-Kelley.
DESCRIPTION - Love and imagination may be the most revolutionary impulses available to us, yet we have failed to understand their political importance and respect them as powerful social forces. The history of renegade intellectuals and artists of the African diaspora throughout the twentieth century begins with the premise that the catalyst for political engagement has never been misery, poverty, or oppression. People are drawn to social movements because of hope: their dreams of a new world radically different from the one they inherited. From Aime Cesaire to Paul Robeson to Jayne Cortez, Robin D. C. Kelley unearths freedom dreams in Africa and Third World liberation movements, in the hope that Communism bad to offer, in the imaginative mindscapes of Surrealism, in the transformative potential of radical feminism, and in the four-hundred- year-old dream of reparations for slavery and Jim Crow. With FREEDOM DREAMS, Kelley affirms his place as ‘a major new voice on the intellectual left' (Frances Fox Piven) and shows us that any serious movement toward freedom must begin in the mind.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY - Robin Davis Gibran Kelley (born March 14, 1962) is the Gary B. Nash Professor of American History at UCLA. From 2006 to 2011, he was Professor of American Studies and Ethnicity at the University of Southern California (USC), and from 2003 to 2006 he was the William B. Ransford Professor of Cultural and Historical Studies at Columbia University. From 1994 to 2003, he was a professor of history and Africana Studies at New York University (NYU) as well the chairman of NYU's history department from 2002 to 2003. Robin Kelley has also served as a Hess Scholar-in-Residence at Brooklyn College. In the summer of 2000, Dr. Kelley was honored as a Montgomery Fellow at Dartmouth College, where he taught and mentored a class of sophomores, as well as wrote the majority of the book Freedom Dreams. During the academic year 2009–10, Kelley held the Harmsworth Chair of American History at Oxford University, the first African-American historian to do so since the chair was established in 1922. He was awarded the Guggenheim Fellowship in 2014.
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Black Folk Then and Now by W. E. B. Du Bois. New York. 1945. Henry Holt & Company. 401 pages. October 1945.
DESCRIPTION -
An essay in the history and sociology of the negro race. William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was a black civil rights activist, leader, Pan-Africanist, sociologist, educator, historian, writer, editor, poet, and scholar. He became a naturalized citizen of Ghana in 1963 at the age of 95. David Levering Lewis, a biographer, wrote, 'In the course of his long, turbulent career, W. E. B. Du Bois attempted virtually every possible solution to the problem of twentieth-century racism -- scholarship, propaganda, integration, national self-determination, human rights, cultural and economic separatism, politics, international communism, expatriation, third world solidarity.'
W. E. B. Du Bois (1868-1963) was internationally renowned as a writer, scholar, and activist. Among his published works are THE SOULS OF BLACK FOLKS, JOHN BROWN, and BLACK RECONSTRUCTION: AN ESSAY TOWARD A HISTORY OF THE PART WHICH BLACK FOLK PLAYED IN THE ATTEMPT TO RECONSTRUCT DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA, 1860—1880. He also wrote other major fiction, including DARK PRINCESS.
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From Trickster to Badman: The Black Folk Hero in Slavery and Freedom by John W. Roberts. New York. 1989. University of Pennsylvania Press. 0812281411. 233 pages. hardcover. Jacket design by Adrianne Onderdonk Dudden..
DESCRIPTION - American folk heroic literature reflects the profound and enduring relationship between African and African American cultures. In FROM TRICKSTER TO BADMAN, John Roberts argues that these texts are part of a creative process meaningful only when viewed from the vantage point of the cultural values of African people in America. To protect their identity and values, Africans enslaved in America transformed character-types to create folk heroes who offered models of behavior both recognizable to them as African people and adaptable to their situation in America. Although the cultural values of African Americans have been shaped by their experiences in America, it is the African expressive forms and cultural values that the have most influenced the creation, evaluation, and justification of black folk heroes. Finally Roberts contends that this creative process in continuous and is intricately linked to black culture-building itself. Roberts specifically examines the Afro-American trickster and the trickster tradition, the conjurer as folk hero, the biblical heroic tradition, and the badman as outlaw hero.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY - Folklorist John Roberts is Associate Dean of the College of Humanities at the Ohio State University and Professor in the Department of English. Formerly Deputy Chairman of the National Endowment of the Humanities, Director of the African American Studies program and Associate Professor of Folklore at the University of Pennsylvania, he has published important works on African American folklore and folk narrative. His books, From Trickster to Badman: the Black Folk Hero in Slavery and Freedom, and From Hucklebuck to Hip Hop: Social Dance in the African American Community in Philadelphia, and more than 20 articles have given us fresh (and progressive) lenses for considering the values and meanings of particular African American vernacular forms - folktales, narratives about Juneteenth (the tradition of June 19th emancipation day celebrations), family reunions, and recollections of social dance in South Philadelphia. Roberts has shown how these forms have been persistently misread or disregarded by well-intentioned but problematic commentators. He has also painstakingly made cases for the integrity, authenticity, and authority of these vernacular community traditions. He is working on a book on understandings of African American folklore, African American Folklore in a Discourse of Folkness, and lectures widely on folklore, history, and memory.
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God's Bits of Wood by Sembene Ousmane. Garden City. 1962. Doubleday. Translated from the French by Francis Price. 333 pages. hardcover.
DESCRIPTION - AN ANCIENT SENECALESE TRADITION decrees that if the members of any group must be counted, they may only be numbered as so many of ‘God's Bits of Wood.' To give them names might attract the attention of an evil spirit and fatefully alter their lives. . . Strike! The word itself was foreign to the men and women who lived along the thousand miles of steel that run from the city of Dakar into the ancient heartland of the Sudan. Strike! The word had come to them with the building of the railroad, and with the red-eared men from a country named France. Once before, they had taken it up as a weapon and had been bloodily repulsed; and now, in 1947, they were taking it up again. A few thousands of men and their women were plunging themselves, their people -and, eventually, their continent-headlong into the future. And this time they knew they could not, must not, fail. Written by a man who is himself one of ‘God's Bits of Wood,' and based on actual events, this novel is dramatic evidence of the rebirth of a great people.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY - Sembene Ousmane, who was born into a Senegalese fishing family in 1923, worked at a diversity of jobs before writing his first book, THE BLACK DOCKER, in 1956. Since then he has written several novels and short story collections, through which he tells the saga of his land and its people. He has also gained a reputation for his films, particularly BLACK GIRL and THE MONEY ORDER, which were well received both in the U.S. and abroad.
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The Street by Ann Petry. Boston. 1946. Houghton Mifflin. A Literary Fellowship Prize 1st Novel. 436 pages.
DESCRIPTION - THE STREET tells the poignant, often heartbreaking story of Lutie Johnson, a young black woman, and her spirited struggle to raise her son amid the violence, poverty, and racial dissonance of Harlem in the late 1940s. Originally published in 1946 and hailed by critics as a masterwork, The Street was Ann Petry's first novel, a beloved bestseller with more than a million copies in print. Its haunting tale still resonates today.
The Signet paperback edition:
The unforgettable story of a beautiful woman beset by the passion, sin, and violence of the city. THE STREET - Her first novel, The Street, written while her husband was in the Army, is, she says, a kind of summing up of the things she saw and heard during the six years that she worked and lived in one of America’s largest ghettoes - New York’s Harlem. It won a Houghton Mifflin Literary Fellowship award, and in 1946 was published by that company (which also published her second novel, Country Place, a non-racial account of a New England town during a hurricane). Of The Street said The Survey Graphic: ‘Miss Petry has written a strong and disturbing book. It is a callous reader, indeed, who will not be haunted by it for a long time.’ Born in Old Saybrook, Connecticut, Ann Petry comes from a New England family that has specialized in some branch of chemistry for three generations. If she had not married and gone to live in New York City, she would probably have made pharmacy her life work. Instead she found a variety of jobs in advertising and journalism that would give her an opportunity to write. While interviewing celebrities, covering political rallies and three-alarm fires for a Harlem weekly, reporting on murders and all other forms of sudden death, she acquired an intimate and disturbing knowledge of Harlem and its ancient, evil housing; its tragic, broken families; its high death rate.
Ann Petry (Ann Lane) was an African American author. Ann Lane was born as the younger of the two daughters to Peter and Bertha Clark in Old Saybrook, Connecticut. Her parents belonged to the Black minority of the small town. Her father was a pharmacist and her mother was a shop owner, chiropodist, and hairdresser. The family belonged to the middle-class, and never had to suffer any financial struggles similar to those of many Harlem inhabitants. The Lane girls were raised sheltered from most of the disadvantages other black people in the United States had to experience due to the color of their skin. Only once did Ann experience racial discrimination when she went to school two years early at the age of 4 with her older sister Helen. On their way home, the two sisters were attacked by some white juveniles with stones. After the girls' uncles took care of this by threatening the wrongdoers the Lane girls were never bothered again. The strong family bonding was a big support for Ann's self-esteem. Her well-traveled uncles, who had many stories to tell their nieces when coming home, her ambitious father who overcame racial obstacles when opening his pharmacy in the small town as well as her mother and aunts, set a great example to Ann and Helen to become strong themselves. Petry interviewed by the Washington Post in 1992 says about her tough female family members that 'it never occurred to them that there were things they couldn't do because they were women. ' The wish to become a professional writer was raised in Ann for the first time in high school when her English teacher read her essay to the class commenting on it with the words: 'I honestly believe that you could be a writer if you wanted to. ' However, Petry decided on a rather stable education and followed the family tradition after finishing high school. She enrolled in college and graduated with a Ph. G. degree from Connecticut College of Pharmacy in New Haven in 1931 and worked in the family business for several years. On February 24, 1938 she married George D. Petry of New Iberia, Louisiana. This new commitment brought Petry to New York and eventually back to writing. She did not only write articles for newspapers like Amsterdam News, or People's Voice, and published short stories in the Crisis, but was also engaged at an elementary school in Harlem. It was during this period of her life that she had realized and personally experienced what the black population of the United States had to go through in their everyday life. Traversing the littered streets of Harlem, living for the first time among large numbers of poor black people, seeing neglected children up close - Petry's early years in New York inevitably made painful impressions on her. Deeply impacted by her Harlem experiences, Ann Petry was in the possession of the necessary creative writing skills to bring it to paper. Her daughter Liz explains to the Washington Post that 'her way of dealing with the problem was to write this book, which maybe was something that people who had grown up in Harlem couldn't do. ' She wrote her most popular novel The Street in 1946 and won the Houghton Mifflin Literary Fellowship. Back in Old Saybrook in 1947, the writer worked on Country Place, The Narrows, and some other stories but they have never achieved the same success as her first book. Until her death Petry lived in a representative 18th century house in her hometown, Old Saybrook. Ann Lane Petry died at the age of 88 on 28th April 1997. She was outlived by her only daughter, Liz Petry.
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